Shrubs That Recruit in the Understory of Chaparral: Research Brief

This paper shows that unburned chaparral stands greater than 50 years old are healthy, relatively stable plant communities, not the stagnant, unnatural stands once historically thought. 
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Keeley, J.E. 1992. Recruitment of seedlings and vegetative sprouts in unburned chaparral. Ecology 73:1194-1208; & Keeley, J.E.  l992.  Demographic structure of California chaparral in the long‑term absence of fire. Journal of Vegetation Science 3:79‑90.